When the grid was down each day. Stack lets you see if outages cluster at the same time of day (scheduled) or jump around (ad-hoc). Detection: ac_input_voltage < 50 V across consecutive 5-min samples — sub-minute flickers are missed by design. Hatched grey means no data from BLE or cloud (both inverter Wi-Fi and Mac were offline that window).

Per-period reconciliation: grid units from local data vs LESCO bills. Diff = (Meter A + Meter B) − Grid (data); positive means bills are higher than what we recorded. Read-window drift checks the nearby edge days when LESCO's actual read window does not line up with the anchor day. LESCO reading verification appears beneath each billed meter value when the full bill supplied previous reading, present reading, and MF.